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Orthodontic tooth movement results from the application of forces to teeth. These forces are produced by the appliances (wires, elastics, at,-.) inserted and ac:ivated by the clinician. The cells of the perbdontium, which respond to those applied forces, are unaware of the bracket design, wire shape or material, their activity is based on the stresses and strains occuring in the.r environment. In o der to ac~)ieve a precise biological response, one would have to apply precise stirr ii (mechanical or othe wise). Minimizing or elminating the unknown factors related to the delivery of force´ can red,ice the variability in treatment response. The basis of orthodontic treatment lies in the clinical application of biomechanical concepts. Mechanics is the discipline which describes the effect of forces on bodies, biomechanics refers to the science of mechanics in relation to biological systems. Orthodontic treatment applies of forces to the teeth. Knowledge of the mechaiica´ prinicples governing ´forces is necessary for the control of orthodontc treatment.
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